W&E

The Wabash & Erie Canal through Huntington County, Indiana


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A Glossary of Canal Terms

ABUTMENT

Wood or stone construction to support a structure

AQUEDUCT

A bridge which carries the canal over a river, or creek.

ARCH

A curved structure of wood serving as a support.

BASIN

A widening of the canal channel creating an area large enough to allow boats to turn around. Usually also the location of docks for loading and unloading boats.

BERM

The canal bank opposite the tow path.

BOW

The front of the boat.

BOWSMAN

The boat crew member who worked at the bow of the boat, and handled the lines during docking and locking.

BRIDGE

A structure designed to allow traffic to cross over the canal.

CHOLERA

An acute infectious disease caused by strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Frequently found in fecal-contaminated food and water. Effecting the intestines, causing diarrhea, severe fluid and electrolyte loss, and, if untreated, death.

CLEAR

The total unsupported distance between two supports of a structure.

CORKONIANS

Irish immigrants who originally hailed from Cork County in Ireland

CRIB

A timber box, built log cabin-style, filled with stone.

CULVERT

A structure created to allow water to pass beneath the canal

DAM

A wall built across a river to allow water to deepen on the upstream side. Used to create a water storage reservoir for the canal.

DRY DOCK

A large area attached to the canal, from which all water could be drained. Used in the building and repair of canal boats.

EMBANKMENT

An earth wall constructed to contain or exclude water.

FARDOWNERS

Irish immigrants who originally hailed from Ulster County in Ireland.

FEEDER

A short canal used to link the canal to a source of water

FRAME

A timber wall, forming the side of a structure.

FRESHET

A flood.

GATES

A pair of watertight doors at each end of the lock, which can be closed to allow the water in the lock to raise or lower to meet the upstream or downstream level.

GRUBBING

The removal of all trees, stumps, plants and rocks.

HIBERNIAN

Anyone of Irish descent.

LEVEL

The body of water between two locks.

LIFT

The distance between upper and lower water levels in a lock.

LINE

Any rope used on a canal boat.

LOCK

An enclosed section of a canal with gates at each end, used for raising and lowering boats from one level to another by admitting, or releasing, water.

MALARIA

An infectious disease characterized by cycles of chills, fever, and sweating, caused by the parasitic infection of red blood cells by a protozoan which is transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito.

MULE

The resulting sterile offspring of the crossing of a female horse and a male donkey.

NAVVIES

Laborers, especially those employed in construction or excavation projects.

PACKET

A passenger boat used on the canal.

PRISM

The cross section of the canal excavation

QUOIN POST

The recess in which a lock gate pivots.

RABBIT

The nickname for a mule used by many drivers.

RESERVOIR

The artificial body of water that builds behind a dam.

SLUICE

A small door in a lock gate that is opened to allow water to enter, or leave, the lock.

RUDDER

The large, paddle-shaped structure at the stern of the boat which was used to steer.

STEERSMAN

The crew member who steered the boat.

STERN

The rear end of the boat, where the rudder was located.

SUMMIT

The highest point along a watercourse.

TILLER

The long arm at the top of the rudder used to steer the boat.

TOW PATH

The bank alongside the canal upon which the horses or mules used to pull canal boats walk.

ULSTERMEN

Irish immigrants who originally hailed from Ulster County in Ireland.

WASTE WEIR

A structure to allow overflowing water to escape from the canal.

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This page last updated 12/02/07 09:35 AM